Serial ATA - Wikipedia. Serial ATA (SATA, abbreviated from Serial AT Attachment). Serial ATA succeeded the older Parallel ATA (PATA) standard. Although, a number of hot plug PATA offering were first invented and marketed by Core International beginning in the late 1. Micro Channel architecture bus controllers. In contrast, parallel ATA (the redesignation for the legacy ATA specifications) uses a 1. To ensure backward compatibility with legacy ATA software and applications, SATA uses the same basic ATA and ATAPI command sets as legacy ATA devices.

SATA has replaced parallel ATA in consumer desktop and laptop computers; SATA's market share in the desktop PC market was 9. A 2. 00. 8 standard, CFast to replace Compact. Flash is based on SATA. The SATA- IO group collaboratively creates, reviews, ratifies, and publishes the interoperability specifications, the test cases and plugfests.

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As with many other industry compatibility standards, the SATA content ownership is transferred to other industry bodies: primarily the INCITST1. ATA, the INCITS T1. SCSI), a subgroup of T1. Serial Attached SCSI (SAS). The remainder of this article will try to use the terminology and specifications of SATA- IO.

Features. First patent details were disclosed in 1. USA . Core created and in 1. Initial implementations were on the IBM PS/2 series and Micro Channel architecture bus controllers. Devices and motherboards that meet the interoperability specification are capable of hot plugging. Unlike PATA, both SATA and e. SATA support hot swapping by design. However, this feature requires proper support at the host, device (drive), and operating- system levels.

In general, all SATA devices (drives) support hot swapping (due to the requirements on the device- side), also most SATA host adapters support this command. It allows the use of advanced features of SATA such as hotplug and native command queuing (NCQ). If AHCI is not enabled by the motherboard and chipset, SATA controllers typically operate in . Modern versions of Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Free. BSD, Linux with version 2.

Even in those instances, a proprietary driver may have been created for a specific chipset, such as Intel's. First- generation SATA interfaces, now known as SATA 1. Gbit/s, communicate at a rate of 1. Gbit/s. Taking 8b/1. Gbit/s (1. 50 MB/s).

The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1. Gbit/s is similar to that of PATA/1. SATA devices offer enhancements such as NCQ, which improve performance in a multitasking environment.

During the initial period after SATA 1. Gbit/s finalization, adapter and drive manufacturers used a . Bridged drives have a SATA connector, may include either or both kinds of power connectors, and, in general, perform identically to their native- SATA equivalents. Native SATA products quickly took over the bridged products with the introduction of the second generation of SATA drives. It is backward compatible with SATA 1.

Gbit/s. The theoretical burst throughput of the SATA revision 2. SATA 3 Gbit/s, doubles the throughput of SATA revision 1. All SATA data cables meeting the SATA spec are rated for 3.

Gbit/s and handle modern mechanical drives without any loss of sustained and burst data transfer performance. However, high- performance flash- based drives can exceed the SATA 3 Gbit/s transfer rate; this is addressed with the SATA 6 Gbit/s interoperability standard.

SATA revision 3. 0 (6 Gbit/s, 6. MB/s, Serial ATA- 6. The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 6. Gbit/s is double that of SATA revision 2.

It is backward compatible with SATA 3 Gbit/s. In addition, the standard continues to support distances up to one meter.

The newer speeds may require higher power consumption for supporting chips, though improved process technologies and power management techniques may mitigate this. The later specification can use existing SATA cables and connectors, though it was reported in 2. OEMs were expected to upgrade host connectors for the higher speeds. How To Install A Jam Pack For Garageband 11 there. Some legacy power supplies that provide 3.

1. Identify available SATA connectors on the motherboard. If necessary install a SATA PCI card. In case your hard drive didn’t come with a complete set.
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V power on Pin 3 would force drives with Power Disable feature to get stuck in a hard reset condition preventing them from spinning up. The problem can usually be eliminated by using a simple “Molex to SATA” power adaptor to supply power to these drives. Unlike PATA, the same connectors are used on 3. SATA hard disks (for desktop and server computers) and 2. Low insertion force is required to mate a SATA connector. A smaller mini- SATA or m.

SATA connector is used by smaller devices such as 1. SATA drives, some DVD and Blu- ray drives, and mini SSDs. SATA drives may be plugged into SAS controllers and communicate on the same physical cable as native SAS disks, but SATA controllers cannot handle SAS disks. Female SATA ports (on motherboards for example) are for use with SATA data cables that have locks or clips to prevent accidental unplugging. Some SATA cables have right- or left- angled connectors to ease connection to circuit boards. Data connector. SATA cables can have lengths up to 1 metre (3. PATA ribbon cables, in comparison, connect one motherboard socket to one or two hard drives, carry either 4.

PATA specification; however, cables up to 9. Thus, SATA connectors and cables are easier to fit in closed spaces, and reduce obstructions to air cooling. Although they are more susceptible to accidental unplugging and breakage than PATA, users can purchase cables that have a locking feature, whereby a small (usually metal) spring holds the plug in the socket.

SATA connectors may be straight, right- angled, or left angled. Angled connectors allow lower profile connections. Right- angled (also called 9. Left- angled (also called 2. One of the problems associated with the transmission of data at high speed over electrical connections is described as noise, which is due to electrical coupling between data circuits and other circuits.

As a result, the data circuits can both affect other circuits, and be affected by them. Designers use a number of techniques to reduce the undesirable effects of such unintentional coupling. One such technique used in SATA links is differential signaling. This is an enhancement over PATA, which uses single- ended signaling. The use of fully shielded twin- ax conductors, with multiple ground connections, for each differential pair improves isolation between the channels and reduces the chances of lost data in difficult electrical environments.

A seven- pin SATA data cable (left- angled version of the connector)SATA connector on a 3. The two different pin lengths ensure a specific mating order; the longer lengths are ground pins and make contact first. SATA 3. 0 (6 Gbit/s) cable showing fully shielded twin- ax pairs. Power connectors. It is a wafer- type connector, like the SATA data connector, but much wider (fifteen pins versus seven) to avoid confusion between the two. Some early SATA drives included the four- pin Molex power connector together with the new fifteen- pin connector, but most SATA drives now have only the latter. The new SATA power connector contains many more pins for several reasons.

However, very few drives actually use it, so they may be powered from a four- pin Molex connector with an adapter. Pin 3 in SATA revision 3. PWDIS, and is used to enter and exit the POWER DISABLE mode for compatibility with SAS specification. If Pin 3 is driven HIGH (2. V- 3. 6. V max), power to the drive circuitry will be disabled. Drives with this feature will not power up in systems designed to SATA revision 3. This is because Pin 3 driven HIGH will prevent the drive from powering up.

Each pin should be able to carry 1. A. Five parallel pins provide a low- impedance ground connection. Two ground pins, and one pin for each supplied voltage, support hot- plug precharging. Ground pins 4 and 1. Drive power connector pins 3, 7, and 1. The drive uses them to charge its internal bypass capacitors through current- limiting resistances. Finally, the remaining power pins make contact, bypassing the resistances and providing a low- impedance source of each voltage.