Mono (software) - Wikipedia. Mono. Developer(s). NET Foundation (formerly by Novell and Xamarin, originally by Ximian), and the Mono community. Initial release. June 3. Stable release. 5. May 2. 3, 2. 01. 7; 2 months ago (2.

The logo of Mono is a stylized monkey's face, mono being Spanish for monkey. Although standardized portions of . NET Framework are covered under Microsoft's . Following Microsoft's open- sourcing of several core .

NET technologies since 2. Xamarin in the beginning of 2. Mono project (see below). History. Introduces the C# 3.

Visual Basic 8 compilers. New Mono- specific APIs: Mono. Cecil, Mono. Cairo and Mono. Posix. Gtk# 2. 1. The Gendarme verification tool and Mono Linker are introduced. The Interactive shell supports auto- completion and the LINQ to SQL supports multiple database backends.

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The xbuild build system is introduced. Will become release 3. First release to integrate Microsoft open- source . NET Core code. 20. After Novell was acquired by Attachmate in April 2. Attachmate announced hundreds of layoffs for the Novell workforce. The original Mono team had also moved to the new company.

Mono is a free and open-source project led by Xamarin, a subsidiary of Microsoft (formerly by Novell and originally by Ximian), and the.NET Foundation, to create an. Download Nero 7 Gratis Italiano Cracker here.

Xamarin planned to keep working on Mono and had planned to rewrite the commercial . NET stacks for i. OS and Android from scratch, because Novell still owned Mono. Touch and Mono for Android at the time.

This version provides the core API of the . NET Framework and support for Visual Basic. NET and C# versions 2. LINQ to Objects, XML, and SQL are part of the distribution. C# 6. 0 is now the default mode of operation for the C# compiler. Windows Forms 2. 0 is also supported, but not actively developed, and as such its support on Mono is incomplete. It is currently being developed by Rolf Bjarne Kvinge.

Moonlight. Moonlight 2. Silverlight 2. 0 and some features of Silverlight 3. These components are based on the Ecma- 3. Ecma- 3. 35 standards. Microsoft issued a statement that covers both standards under their Community Promise license. These include: Gtk# for graphical user interface (GUI) development, Mozilla libraries for working with the Gecko rendering engine, Unix integration libraries (Mono.

Posix), database connectivity libraries, a security stack, and the XML schema language Relax. NG. Gtk# allows Mono applications to integrate into the Gnome desktop as native applications. The database libraries provide connectivity to the object- relational database db. Firebird, Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL), My. SQL, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), Oracle, Postgre.

SQL, SQLite, and many others. The Mono project tracks developing database components at its website.

This group of components include ADO. NET, ASP. NET, and Windows Forms, among others.

As these components are not covered by Ecma standards, some of them remain subject to patent fears and concerns. Framework architecture.

This mode of operation compiles most of the code that is typically done at runtime. There are some exceptions like trampolines and other administrative code that still require the JIT to function, so AOT images are not fully standalone. Full Static Compilation: this mode is only supported on a handful of platforms and takes the Ahead- of- Time compilation process one step further and generates all the trampolines, wrappers and proxies that are required into a static file that can be statically linked into a program and completely eliminates the need for a JIT at runtime.

This is used on Apple's i. OS, Sony's Play. Station 3 and Microsoft's Xbox 3. This is useful for high performance computing loads and other situations where the execution performance is more important than the startup performance. Starting with the Mono 2. The code generation engine can be selected at startup by using the - -llvm or - -nollvm command line arguments, and it defaults to the fast Mono code generation engine. Garbage collector.

Because the garbage collector can exhibit memory leaks on certain classes of applications, it may be unsuitable for long- running server applications. As of October 2. 01. Starting with Mono 3. For versions of Mono from 2. SGen garbage collector by passing the - -gc=sgen switch to the Mono runtime at startup. It uses generational garbage collection where new objects are allocated from a nursery, during the garbage collection cycle, all objects that survived are migrated to an older generation memory pool.

The idea being that many objects are transient and can quickly be collected and only a handful of objects are long- term objects that live for the entire life of the application. To improve performance this collector assigns memory pools to each thread to let threads allocate new memory blocks without having to coordinate with other threads.

Migration of objects from the nursery to the old generation is done by copying the data from the nursery to the old generation pool and updating any live pointers that point to the data to point to the new location. This can be expensive for large objects, so Mono's SGen uses a separate pool of memory for large objects (Large Object Section) and uses a mark- and- sweep algorithm for those objects.

Currently SGen treats the stack and registers conservatively and pins any objects that could be referenced by any of these roots. The upcoming version of Mono scans the managed stack precisely, reducing the number of pinned objects. Class library. They are primarily written in C#, but due to the Common Language Specification they can be used by any . NET language. The class library is structured into namespaces, and deployed in shared libraries known as assemblies.

Speaking of the . NET framework is primarily referring to this class library.

This prevents naming conflicts. The structure is implemented using dot- separated words, where the most common top- level namespace is System, such as System. IO and System. Net. There are other top- level namespaces as well, such as Accessibility and Windows. A user can define a namespace by placing elements inside a namespace block. Assemblies are the physical packaging of the class libraries.

These are . dll files, just like (but not to be confused with) Win. Examples of assemblies are mscorlib. System. dll, System. Data. dll and Accessibility. Namespaces are often distributed among several assemblies and one assembly can be composed of several files.

Common Language Infrastructure and Common Language Specification. The runtime is used to execute compiled .

NET applications. The common language infrastructure is defined by the ECMA standard. The Mono compiler generates an image that conforms to the CLS. This is the Common Intermediate Language. The Mono runtime takes this image and runs it. The ECMA standard formally defines a library that conforms to the CLS as a framework.

Managed and unmanaged code. Other . NET or Mono applications can use legacy code, which is referred to as unmanaged, by using the System. Runtime. Interop. Services libraries to create C# bindings. Many libraries which ship with Mono use this feature of the CLI, such as Gtk#.

Mono- specific innovations. These projects include: Cross- platform: Banshee Media Player a cross- platform music media player built with Mono and Gtk# and also a driver of dozens of C#- based libraries and projects for media handling. Beagle a search system for Unix systems. Gecko#, bindings for embedding the layout engine used in Mozilla (Gecko). Gtk#, C# wrappers around the underlying GTK+ and GNOME libraries, written in C and available on Linux, Mac. OS and Windows. Mono Migration Analyzer (Mo. MA), a tool which aids Windows .

NET developers in finding areas in their code that might not be cross- platform and therefore not work in Mono on Linux and other Unixes. Mono. Cross, a cross- platform model–view–controller design pattern where the Model and Controller are shared across platforms and the Views are unique for each platform for an optimized User Interface. The framework requires Xamarin. OS and Xamarin. Android.

Mvvm. Cross, a cross- platform Model View View. Model framework utilizing Xamarin. OS and Xamarin. Android for developing mobile apps.