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Windows 9. 5 - Wikipedia. Windows 9. 5 (codenamed Chicago) is a consumer- oriented operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released on August 2. It featured significant improvements over its predecessor, Windows 3.

GUI) and in its simplified . There were also major changes made to the core components of the operating system, such as moving from a mainly co- operatively multitasked. Accompanied by an extensive marketing campaign. It was also suggested that Windows 9.

OS/2) out of business, something which would later be used in court against Microsoft. Microsoft ended support for Windows 9. December 3. 1, 2. Development. At this time, Windows for Workgroups 3. Windows NT 3. 1 were still in development and Microsoft's plan for the future was focused on Cairo. Cairo would be Microsoft's next- generation operating system based on Windows NT and featuring a new user interface and an object- based file system, but it was not planned to be shipped before 1.

However, Cairo would partially ship in July 1. Windows NT 4. 0, but without the object- based file system, which would later evolve into Win. FS. Simultaneously with Windows 3. Dawn Of War 2 Games For Windows Live Crack Smoking. IBM started shipping OS/2 2. Microsoft realized they were in need of an updated version of Windows that could support 3. Windows NT did not). So the development of Windows .

Initially, the decision was made not to include a new user interface, as this was planned for Cairo, and only focus on making installation, configuration, and networking easier. Windows 9. 3 would ship together with MS- DOS 7.

DOS clones. MS- DOS 7. The first version of Chicago's feature specification was finished on September 3. Cougar was to become Chicago's kernel. Prior to Windows 9. United States had an opportunity to preview it in the Windows 9.

Preview Program. For US$1. Windows 9. 5 either as an upgrade from Windows 3. Participants were also given a free preview of The Microsoft Network (MSN), the online service that Microsoft launched with Windows 9. During the preview period, Microsoft established various electronic distribution points for promotional and technical documentation on Chicago. The lowest level of the operating system consists of a large number of virtual device drivers (Vx. Ds) running in 3.

DOS machines running in virtual 8. The virtual device drivers are responsible for handling physical devices (such as video and network cards), emulating virtual devices used by the virtual machines or providing various system services. The three most important virtual device drivers are: Virtual Machine Manager (VMM3. VXD)Responsible for memory management, event handling, interrupt handling, loading and initializing virtual device drivers, creating new virtual machines and threadscheduling. Configuration Manager (CONFIGMG)Responsible for implementing Plug and Play functionality; monitoring hardware configuration changes; detecting devices using bus enumerators; and allocating I/O ports, IRQs, DMA channels and memory in a conflict- free fashion.

Installable File System Manager (Input/Output Subsystem)Coordinates access to supported file systems. Windows 9. 5 initially shipped with support for FAT1. FAT1. 6, the VFAT extension, ISO 9. CDFS) and network redirectors, with later releases supporting FAT3.

Access requests to physical media are sent to Input/Output Supervisor, a component responsible for scheduling the requests. Each physical media has its own device driver: access to the disk is performed by a port driver, while access to a SCSI device is handled by a miniport driver working atop the SCSI layer.

Port and miniport drivers perform I/O operations in 3. MS- DOS and BIOS, giving a significant performance improvement.

In case there is no native Windows driver for a certain storage device, or if a device is forced to run in compatibility mode, the Real Mode Mapper can access it through MS- DOS. Windows programs are assigned their own memory segments, which can be adjusted to any desired size.

Memory area outside the segment cannot be accessed by a program. If a program crashes, nothing else is harmed. Before this, programs used fixed non- exclusive 6.

KB segments. While the 6. KB size was a serious handicap in DOS and Windows 3. A crashing Windows 3. The Win. 32 API is implemented by three modules, each consisting of a 1. Kernel. Provides high level access to memory and process management, and access to the file system. Consists of KRNL3.

EXE, KERNEL3. 2. DLL, and VWIN3. VXD. User. Responsible for managing and drawing the various user interface components, such as windows, menus and buttons.

Consists of USER. Linux Serial Port Programming For Rts Cts And Cts here. EXE and USER3. 2.

DLL. Graphics Device Interface (GDI)Responsible for drawing graphics in a device- independent way. Consists of GDI. EXE and GDI3. DLL. Dependence on MS- DOS. For example, it is possible to prevent loading the graphical user interface and boot the system into a real- mode MS- DOS environment.

This sparked debate amongst users and professionals over the question of to what extent Windows 9. MS- DOS. MS- DOS itself is demoted to a compatibility layer for 1. Keeping MS- DOS in memory allows Windows 9. DOS device drivers when suitable Windows drivers are unavailable. Windows 9. 5 is capable of using all 1.

Windows 3. x drivers. Unlike Windows 3. DOS programs running in Windows 9. DOS drivers for the mouse, CD- ROM and sound card; Windows drivers are used instead. HIMEM. SYS is still required to boot Windows 9.

EMM3. 86 and other memory managers, however, are only used by legacy DOS programs. In addition, CONFIG. SYS and AUTOEXEC. BAT settings (aside from HIMEM. SYS) have no effect on Windows programs. DOS games, which could not be executed on Windows 3.

Windows 9. 5 (games tended to lock up Windows 3. As with Windows 3. DOS programs that use EGA or VGA graphics modes run in windowed mode (CGA and text mode programs can continue to run). On startup, the MS- DOS component in Windows 9. F8 key by temporarily pausing the default boot process and presenting the DOS boot options menu, allowing the user to continue starting Windows normally, start Windows in safe mode or exit to the DOS prompt. When starting a program, even a native 3. Windows program, MS- DOS momentarily executes to create a data structure known as the Program Segment Prefix.

It is even possible for MS- DOS to run out of conventional memory while doing so, preventing the program from launching. Since the segments were allocated as fixed, Windows could not move them, which would prevent any more programs from launching. Microsoft partially removed support for File Control Blocks (an API hold- over of DOS 1. CP/M) in Windows 9. OSR2 (OEM Service Release 2).

FCB functions can only read FAT3. User interface. By contrast, Windows 3.

In Windows 9. 5, they were now displayed as buttons on a taskbar across the bottom of the screen, which also contained a notification area used to display icons for background applications, a volume control and the current time. The Start menu, invoked by clicking the . While maintaining the program groups used by its predecessor Program Manager, it now displayed applications within cascading sub- menus.

The previous File Manager program was also replaced by Windows Explorer. In 1. 99. 4, Microsoft designers Mark Malamud and Erik Gavriluk approached Brian Eno to compose music for the Windows 9. It is available to both Windows programs and MS- DOS programs started from Windows (they have to be adapted slightly, since accessing long file names requires using larger pathnamebuffers and hence different system calls). Competing DOS- compatible operating systems released before Windows 9.

Using older versions of DOS utilities to manipulate files means that the long names are not visible and are lost if files are moved or renamed, as well as by the copy (but not the original), if the file is copied. During a Windows 9. Windows 3. 1 system, DOS and third- party disk utilities which can destroy long file names are identified and made unavailable. When Windows 9. 5 is started in DOS mode, e.